{"id":1681,"date":"2021-04-26T15:23:42","date_gmt":"2021-04-26T12:23:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/new1.mohammadmakram.com\/?p=1681"},"modified":"2025-03-23T19:06:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-23T16:06:57","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mohammadmakram.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/encyclopedia\/countries\/2014\/10\/20\/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/encyclopedia\/organizationsandstructures\/2011\/1\/5\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure id=\"captionTable\" class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">&#8220;<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 -\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/citiesandregions\/others\/2015\/6\/14\/%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 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noopener\">\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/encyclopedia\/countries\/2014\/10\/30\/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/encyclopedia\/countries\/2012\/1\/12\/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627<\/a>\u00a0(\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0627) \u0623\u0648\u0634\u0643\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.<strong>\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure id=\"captionTable\" class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">&#8220;<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648: \u0647\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627 -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627- \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627<br \/>&#8220;<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0646\u061b\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/encyclopedia\/conceptsandterminology\/2015\/7\/28\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/a>\u00a0\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 -\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629- \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 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